克氏原螯虾工厂化繁育条件下胚胎发育时间序列

The Time Sequence of Embryonic Development of Cambarus clarkii under Factory Propagation

[目的]观察克氏原螯虾在工厂化繁育条件下的胚胎发育形态与时间序列。[方法]选择健康的克氏原螯成虾作亲本，在室内水泥池进行工厂化繁殖育苗，采集抱卵虾的受精卵，测定水温，观察胚胎发育状况，记录胚胎心跳情况，并进行数码摄影显微镜观察。[结果]克氏原螯虾在工厂化繁育条件下的胚胎过程可分为7个主要时期，即受精卵、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、无节幼体期、复眼色素期和孵化期，胚胎发育各期出现的时间序列分别为0、1．5,4、6、11、21和32d，有效积温分别为0、31、61、96、181、340和520℃·d。[结论]克氏原螯虾在工厂化繁育条件下的胚胎发育中，在室内水温控制在15～19℃时，仍能进行工厂化繁育苗，发育时闻为32d。有效积温为520℃·d，可提高克氏原螯虾养殖产业链的整体效益。

[ Objective ] This study aimed to investigate the morphogenesis and time sequence of embryonic development of Cambarus clarkii under the factory propagation. [ Method ] The health adult shrimps of C. clarkii were selected as the parents to make for the factory propagation in the cement pool in the room and then the fertilized eggs of the shrimps with eggs were selected. The water temperature for the shrimp propagation was determined, the embryonic development status was observed, the heartbeat of the embryo was recorded and the microscope observation of numeral photography was made. [ Result] The embryonic development process of C. clarkii under the factory propagation could be divided into 7 main stages as fertilized eggs, cleavage stage, blastula stage, gastrula stage, nauplius stage, eye pigment stage and hatching stage. The time sequences of embryonic development of C. clarkii appeared in each stage were 0,1.5,4,6,11,21 and 32 d, resp. and their effective accumulated water temperatures were 0, 31, 61, 96, 181, 340 and 520 ℃·d. [ Conclusion ] When the water temperature for the shrimp propagation should he controlled at 15 - 19 ℃, it still can be made for the factory propagation, the time of embryonic development was 32 d and the accumulative water temperature was 520 ℃·d during the embryonic development of C. clarkii under the factory propagation, the whole benefit of aquaculture industry chain of C. clarkii could be increased.