淮北小麦生育期间适宜气象因子指标研究

Study on Suitable Meteorological Factor Indexes in Growing Period of Huaibei Wheat

[目的]为制定濉溪县小麦栽培技术规程提供参考。[方法]对濉溪县小麦不同生育阶段（播种-出苗、冬前生长阶段、越冬阶段、返青-拔节、拔节-孕穗、抽穗-灌浆）的日照时数、温度、降水量等进行研究，确定小麦生长发育期间的适宜气象因子指标。[结果]濉溪县小麦全生育期为240d，需0℃以上积温1700．0—2400．0℃·d，光照1300．0-1600．0h，降水量400．0mm；淮北地区光、热气候资源能满足小麦生长发育的需要，而降水略显不足；该地区光热气象因子年际间变幅较小，而降水量年际间变幅较大。[结论]该研究确定了濉溪县小麦生育期间的适宜气象因子。

[ Objective ] The study was to provide the reference for making the supplemental cultural technology of wheat in Suixi Country. [ Method] The sunshine hours, temperature, precipitation etc. in different growing stages of wheat in Suixi County （from sowing to seedling e- mergence, plant growth period, overwintering period, from turning green to jointing, from jointing to booting, from booting to grouting） were studied, and the suitable meteorological factor indexes in growing period of Huaibei wheat were determined. [ Result] The whole growth period of wheat in Suixi was 240 d, and the accumulated temperature over 0 ℃ that wheat needed was 1 700.0-2 400.0 ℃-d with illumination time of 1 300. 0 - 1 600.0 h and precipitation of 400.0 mm. The light and thermal climatic resources in Huaibei could meet the needs of growth and de- velopment of wheat, but the precipitation was slightly deficient. The annual amplitude of light and thermal was smaller, but that of precipitation was bigger. [ Conclusion ] The study determined the suitable meteorological factor indexes in growing period of wheat in Suixi Country.