黄羽鹌鹑产蛋性状遗传参数的估计

The Genetic Parameter Estimation of Egg Production Related Traits of Yellow Quail

[目的]为进行鹌鹑产蛋性能分析及实现产蛋性状早期选种提供科学依据。[方法]通过家系选择并结合个体选择的方法开展黄羽鹌鹑的选育,并以黄羽鹌鹑产蛋记录为材料,采用动物模型,运用MTDFREML软件对鹌鹑产蛋相关性状(开产日龄、开产体重、开产蛋重、105日龄蛋数)进行了遗传力(h2)和遗传相关(r)的估计。[结果]经过5个世代的选择,105日龄的黄羽鹌鹑平均产蛋数G5代比G1代提高了5枚(P<0.05),变异系数由1世代的22.71%降低到12.33%;105日龄产蛋数的估计遗传力h2=0.05,为低遗传力性状,开产体重、开产日龄、开产蛋重的遗传力分别为0.30、0.11和0.31。产蛋相关性状间的遗传相关分析结果表明,105日龄的产蛋数与开产日龄、开产体重的遗传相关系数分别为-0.46和0.83。[结论]该研究为黄羽鹌鹑优良性状的综合选择奠定了基础。

[ Objective ] The research aimed to provide scientific basis for the analysis on the egg laying performance and early selection for good traits of yellow quail. [ Method ] Using individual selection as well as family selection, yellow quails were selected for 5 generation, then heritabilities and genetic correlations between traits were estimated from the yellow quail reproduction data of 5 generations （ including age at first egg,body weight at first egg,egg weight at first laying,the total egg number at 105 clay-old） using animal models in MTDFREML. [ Result] The results showed that the average egg number at 105 day-old of G5 was 5 higher than G1 （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, and the coefficient of variant were reduced from 22.71% of G1 to 12.33% of G5. The estimated heritability of the total egg number at 105 day-old was 0.05 ,which indicated that the total egg number at 105 day-old was a trait with a low heritability. And the heritabilities of age at first egg, bod.y weight at first egg, egg weight at first laying were 0.30,0.11 ,and 0.31 ,respectively. The genetic correlation of the total egg number at 105 day-old with age at first egg and body weight at first egg were - 0.46 and 0. 83 ,respectively. [ Conclusion ] This study will contribute to the selection of quail production traits.