北京松山国家级自然保护区森林健康经营研究

Study on Forestry Health Management in Beijing Songshan National Nature Reserve

应用森林健康经营理论,分析得出威胁松山保护区森林健康的林业有害生物、森林火灾、森林组成以及林分结构不合理、森林管理粗放、森林营养循环受阻、土壤地力下降、风折雪压、森林旅游压力8种主要因素,提出了保护和恢复松山保护区森林资源的目标与原则。结果表明,松山保护区应构建以生物多样性为主导功能的森林健康示范区经营,采用地带性森林植被保护、近自然化森林健康目标树经营、森林火险管理、林业有害生物监测与防治、森林生态系统修复5种森林健康经营模式;通过森林健康示范区内监测样地数据,结合所构建的具体经营模式,构建了保护区森林健康示范区各小班经营模式。

Based on the theory of forest health management, eight factors that threatened the forest health of Songshan Nature Reserve were analyzed, including forest pest, forest fire, unreasonable forest component and structure, extensive management, blocked nutrient cycle, declining soil fertility, strong wind and heavy snow, and the pressure of forest tourism. The targets and the principles of the forest protection and restoration of Songshan Nature Reserve were proposed. The results showed that the demonstration region of forest health management should be built with the main function of protecting biodiversity. The following five forest health management patterns would be adopted, which were protection of zone forest vegetation, target tree of approaching-nature, forest fire management, forest pest monitoring and controlling, and forest ecosystem restoration. Based on the sample investigation of demonstration regions of forest health management, and the established specific management pattern, the sub component management patterns in the demonstration regions of Songshan Nature Reserve were constructed.