巢湖周围池塘沉积物中磷的赋存形态及空间差异

Phosphorus Forms in Sediment of Ponds around Chao Lake and Their Spatial Variation.

对巢湖周围138口池塘表层沉积物，采用沉积物磷形态标准程序（SMT）分析了其中的总磷（TP）、无机磷（IP）、有机磷（OP）、铁／铝磷（Fe／Al-P）、钙磷（Ca—P）等5种形态及各种形态磷的空间差异，并分析了不同形态磷之间的以及各种形态磷与沉积物烧失量之间的相关性。结果表明，所调查的池塘表层沉积物TP、IP、OP、Fe／Al—P、Ca—P的含量分别为536．04～3659．89、153．55～3299．15、176．68～1076．16、96．19～876．17和105．29～880．22mg／kg；巢湖周围池塘表层沉积物TP、IP、OP、Fe／Al-P、CaI-P含量高于巢湖水体表层沉积物；IP、OP、Fe／Al-P、Ca—P占TP的比重分别在13．4％～90．14％、10．86％～93．91％、8．81％～45．69％和12．86％～61．05％。巢湖流域不同区域池塘各种形态磷存在明显的空间差异，义城、三河、环城-柘皋、中珲、炯炀、槐林-盛桥等区域池塘沉积物TP和IP含量较高，而严店、沐集、黄麓、忠庙-六家畈等区域TP和IP含量较低；白山区域的池塘表层沉积物中OP含量明显低于三河、环城-柘皋等处；槐林-盛桥、炯炀区域池塘表层沉积物中Fe／Al—P含量明显高于黄麓、忠庙-六家畈区域；白山、长临的池塘沉积物中Ca—P含量明显偏高。相关分析表明，池塘表层沉积物烧失量与TP、OP、Fe／Al—P和Ca—P呈显著或极显著正相关；TP与IP、OP、Fe／Al-P和Ca—P呈极显著正相关；但OP与IP、Fe／Al-P和Ca—P无相关性。

Total phosphorus （TP）, inorganic-phosphorus （IP） ,organic-phosphorus （ OP）, Fe/Al-bound phosphorus （Fe/Al-P） and Ca-bound phosphorus （Ca-P） in surface sediment of 138 ponds around Chao Lakes were measured,using the standard measurement and test （SMT） procedure of phosphorus forms in the freshwater sediments. And the spatial difference of phosphorus forms in pond sediment from Chao Lake watershed was also characterized. Correlation coefficients between phosphorus forms and loss of ignition were analyzed. The results showed that the contents of TP, IP,OP, Fe/Al-P and Ca-P in surface sediment of ponds varied from 536.04 - 3 659.89,153.55 - 3 299.15,176.68 - 1 076.16,96.19 - 876.17 and 105.29 -880.22 mg/kg,respectively. The contents of TP, IP,OP, Fe/Al-P and Ca-P in surface sediment of ponds were generally higher than that of Chao Lake. The IP,OP,Fe/Al-P and Ca-P in surface sediment of ponds accounted for 13.4% -90.14%, 10.86% -93, 91%, 8.81% -45.69% and 12.86% -61.05% of TP,respectively. The contents of phosphorus forms in surface sediment of ponds from different sampling area displayed significant difference. The TP and IP in surface sediment of ponds from Yicheng, Sanhe, Huancheng-Zhegao, Zhonghan, Tongyang and Huailin-Shengqiao were higher than that from Yandian, Muji, Huanglu and Zhongmiao-Liujiafan. The contents of OP in surface sediment of ponds from Sanhe and Huancheng-Zhegao were higher than that from Baishan. The contents of Fe/Al-P in surface sediment of ponds from Huailin-Shengqiao and Tongyang were higher than that from Huanglu and Zhongmiao-Liujiafan. And the contents of Ca-P in surface sediment of ponds from Baisan and Changlin were higher than that from other areas. Loss of ignition of surface sediment was significantly and positively correlated to TP （ r = 0.286）, OP （ r = 0. 241 ）, Fe/Al-P （ r = 0.314） and to Ca-P （ r = 0. 210）. And TP was also significantly and positively correlated to IP （ r = 0.929）, OP （ r = 0.247 ）, Fe/Al-P （ r = 0. 807 ） and to Ca-P （ r = 0. 632）. However, there was not significant correlation between OP and IP,Fe/Al-P,and Ca-P.