丁香杂交育种研究

Preliminary Report on the Technique of Cross Breeding of Syringa

[目的]探索了丁香属植物杂交育种的方法和途径。[方法]以现有的国内外丁香种及品种为试材，通过亲本选择和杂交授粉试验研究了丁香的杂交育种技术。[结果]早花母本与早花父本的7个杂交组合的结实率在54．5％～91．5％，其中，欧31×紫丁香的结实率为58．8％，欧25×白丁香的结实率为60．5％，欧11×欧7、欧43×欧7和欧25×欧42的结实率分别为91．5％、85，5％和89．8％。晚花母本与早花父本的杂交组合结实不良，只有花叶丁香×欧12的结实率为45．5％。晚花母本与晚花父本的杂交组合的结实率也相对较低，其中欧17×关东丁香、欧19X关东丁香和欧24×关东丁香的结实率分别为20．5％、27．5％和35．0％，欧17×花叶丁香、欧19×花叶丁香和欧24×花叶丁香的结实率分别为38．5％、65．9％和37．5％。[结论]从该试验的9个杂交组合中获得了发育正常的种子，这为培育丁香杂交苗奠定了基础，

[ Objective] The research aimed at the exploration of methods and approaches for the cross breeding of Syringa plants. [ Method ] With cultivated native and foreign Syringa species and cultivars as tested materials, the cross breeding technique of Syringa was researched through parental selection and cross pollination experiment. [ Result ] The capsule rates of 7 cross combinations of early-flowering female with early-flowering male were between 54.5% to 91.5%. The capsule rates of Syringa vulgaris ‘ Mechta＇ ×S. oblata and S. vulgaris ‘Maiden＇ s blush＇ ‘S. oblata var. alba were 58.8% and 60.5% ,and those of S. vulgaris ＇ Clarence Dvan Zandt＇ × S. vulgaris ‘ Mrs Harry Bickle＇ ,S. vulgaris‘ Mrs Waston Webb＇ × S. vulgaris ‘ Mrs Harry. Bickle＇ and S. vulgaris ‘Maiden＇ s blush＇× S. vulgaris ‘ Pres Lincoln＇ were 91.5% ,85.5% and 89.. 8% resp. The capsule rates of cross combinations of late flowering female with the early blossoming male were low,only that of S. persica × S. vulgaris ‘ Bright Centennial ＇ was 45.5%. The capsule rates of cross combinations of late flowering female and male were also relatively low. The capsule rates of S. vulgaris henryi ‘ Summer White＇ × S. velutina ,S. vulgaris Yann. ‘ Prophecy＇ × S. velutina and S. vulgaris villosa‘ Aurea＇ × S. velutina were 20.5% ,27.5% and 35.0% resp. and those of S. vulgaris henryi ‘ Summer White＇ × S. persica ,S. vulgaris Yann.‘ Prophecy＇ × S. persica and S. vulgaris villosa ‘ Aurea＇ × S. persica were 38.5% ,65.9% and 37.5% resp. [ Conclusion ] The normally developed seeds were obtained from 9 cross combinations in the experiment and this laid a foundation for the breeding of Syringa hybrid seedlings.