宁夏地区汉族与回族青少年心理健康水平及父母养育方式的比较研究

A Comparative Study of Parental Rearing Patterns and the Relationship withTheir Mental Health Level among Han and Hui Ethnicity Adolescents in Ninxia

目的：考查不同民族学生心理健康水平和父母养育方式的差异以及两者之间的关系。方法：采用父母教养方式问卷（ＥＭＢＵ）和症状自评量表（ＳＣＬ－９０）对银川市一所重点高中的３６８名汉族学生和２８９名回族学生进行了测查。结果：（１）回族学生的父亲对其子女表现出更多的情感温暖与理解，但与此同时又对其子女也有更多的处罚、严厉和过度保护倾向；而汉族学生的母亲对子女有更多的拒绝与否定倾向。（２）回族学生在症状自评量表中的躯体化、强迫、人际敏感、抑郁和恐怖的得分上明显高于汉族学生。（３）父母不良的教养方式与两组学生在ＳＣＬ－９０的多项得分均具有明显相关。结论：汉族与回族学生的心理健康水平及父母养育方式有不同程度的差异，且两者之间有一定的联系。

Objective:To explore the relationship between parental rearing pattern and mentalhealth status of adolescents. Methods:Chinese versions of EMBU and SCL-90 were filled by 657 high school students in Yingchuan, with 368 students of Han ethnicity and 289 students of Hui ethnicity.Results:(1) Compared with the fathers of students in Han, the fathers of Hui showed more emotional warmth and understanding to their children. On the other hand, they tended to give their children more punishment, being stricter and more over-protective than the Han fathers. The Han's mothers had more tendency of rejecting and denying than the Hui mothers. (2) The students of Hui ethnicity got significantly higher scores in five factors of SCL-90, as somatization,obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, phobic anxiety than the Han students. (3) There were significant correlations between harmful parental rearing patterns and most of the factor scores in SCL-90. Conclusion:There were some differences in rearing patterns between Han and Hui student's parents. Parent's rearing pattern had significant effect on adolescents' mental health.