英语场景非典型编码标识小句及其与汉语存现句的对比

Non-prototypical Encoding of English Setting in Marked Clause Structure and Its Conceptually-corresponding Chinese Clause Structure

场景的非典型编码蕴含动词的非典型概念或说话人对情境的不同诠释。英语场景的非典型释解包括其主语编码和宾语编码两种情况。场景主语编码蕴涵的是场景与参与者之间的静态领属关系,场景的宾语编码体现的是参与者与场景之间的对抗关系。这两种句型,从概念上说,与汉语存现句结构对应。汉语存现句结构与英语场景非典型编码标识小句虽然侧重的对象有时不同,但具有异曲同工之妙,即通过提升场景标示的实体的显著性,吸引读者对所述对象的注意力。

Non-prototypical encoding of setting, including setting-subject and setting-object, is one of the devices by which the speaker construes a particular situation in alternate ways and effects the coding of non-canonical situations. Set- ting-subject structure is a manifestation of the static container/content relationship between setting and participant. Setting -object structure reflects the adversarial relationship between setting and participant. The two structures conceptually corre- spond to the Chinese existential clause in terms of according prominence to the setting entity, in spite of the fact that both languages may profile differently.