飞行员高血压药物治疗前后立位耐力和+Gz耐力观察

Orthostatic and +Gz tolerance in hypertension pilots before and after drug treatment

目的观察飞行员患高血压病及药物治疗后立位耐力和+Gz耐力的变化。方法选择10例患高血压病的歼(强)击机飞行员,平均年龄(36±6)岁,经临床检查未发现心脑血管并发症,在药物治疗前和服降血压药血压恢复正常后分别进行20min立位耐力试验和+Gz耐力试验。结果药物治疗前立位耐力试验显示,平卧位平均血压为(147±16/92±10)mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa),立位(150±18/99±12)mmHg,卧立位舒张压差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);1例立位耐力试验结果阳性,5例+Gz耐力未达到所飞机种要求。降压药物治疗后,平卧位血压(131±10/80±7)mmHg,立位(130±8/87±3)mmHg,较治疗前均明显下降(P<0.01,P<0.05),立位耐力试验均为阴性;3例+Gz耐力未能达到所飞机种要求。结论高血压病对立位耐力和+Gz耐力有不利影响;药物治疗后+Gz耐力改善与病情和用药种类、剂量有关。

Objective To observe the changes of orthostatic and ＋G tolerance in hypertension pilots before and after drug treatment. Methods Orthostatic and centrifuge tests were performed for 20min in 10 selected hypertension fighter pilots （mean age 36 ± 6 years） with no complication of cardio-cerebral blood vessels confirmed by clinical examination before and after drug treatment. Results The orthostatic test showed that the mean blood pressure of fighter pilots was （147 ± 16/92 ± 10）mmHg and （150 ± 18/99 ± 12）mmHg in supine position and standing position, respectively, before drug treatment（P〈0.01）. The orthostatic test was positive in 1 pilot and ＋Gz tolerance did not meet the flying standards in 5 pilots. The mean blood pressure of fighter pilots was （131 ± 10/80 ± 7）mmHg and（130 ± 8/87 ± 3）mmHg in supine position and standing position, respectively, after treatment with hypertension-reducing drugs （P〈0.01, P〈0.05）, which was significantly lower than that before treatment. The orthostatic tolerance was negative in all pilots and the ＋Gz tolerance did not meet the flying standards in 3 pilots. Conclusion Hypertension has a negative effect on orthostatic and ＋Gz tolerance. Improvement in ＋Gz tolerance after drug treatment is correlated with the severity of disease and the used types and doses of hypertension-reducing drugs.