我国未来犯罪构成体系建构亟待澄清的关系范畴

Relation Category Needed to be Cleared up in the Future about Constitution System of Crime

兴起于21世纪初的犯罪构成体系研究开启了我国刑法学界难得一见的学术论争。但这一论争过程由于缺乏对一些基本关系范畴的统一认识,从而呈现出较大的随意性。这些基本的关系范畴主要表现为:犯罪构成与犯罪概念之间的关系,以及犯罪构成与犯罪构成要件之间的功能关系。我国通说关于这两大基本关系范畴的解说有待商榷,在犯罪构成与犯罪概念之间二者并不是本质与现象、反映与被反映的关系,而是一种对同一对象的不同表述关系;在犯罪构成与犯罪构成要件之间也不是一种整体与部分的关系,二者的应然功能应有所不同:前者是"认定犯罪",后者是"罪之法定"。因此,如果一定要在犯罪构成与犯罪构成要件之间寻找某种联系,则可以通过将"罪状"的概念引入犯罪构成理论中,从而通过罪状将二者联系起来。

Constitution system of crime researching which sprang up in the 21st century started the rear science argument in our criminal academic community. But the argument was free and casual because some basic relation category problems haven＇t been cleared up. These basic relation category problems were the relation between the constitution of crime and crime conception and the function relation between the constitution of crime and components of crime. The relation between the constitution of crime and crime conception was not the relation which between nature and phenomena, but the different formulation to the same object; and the relation between the constitution of crime and components of crime was not the contact which between a whole and segment, their appropriate function were different in that one is ＂conviction＂ and the other is ＂crime requirement＂. Therefore, if the relation must be found between them, the ＂facts about a crime＂ are needed.