论丧仪中的戏曲演出特点及其民俗文化功能

On the Characteristics of Traditional Operas and their Cultural Func tions Performed in Funerals

丧仪时演戏,在我国民间是一个较为普遍的习俗。丧仪中的演出有其特殊之处:一方面是有特用于这种场合的"例戏",以引荐亡灵升天,另一方面是演出的"正本"戏中多带有祭灵、吊孝的情节。丧仪中演出有多方面的民俗文化功能:借其超度亡灵升入天堂;除煞驱邪,以使丧家"清吉";以其"热闹"丧场,招待前来吊唁的宾客;丧家借其昭示对亡者的孝,显示身份,赢得"面子"等。

Performing in funerals is a more common practice among the people. The performance has its unique position. On the one hand, there is a special occasion for such a ＂show case＂ in order to introduce the soul of a deceased person to ascend to heaven; on the other hand, the performance of ＂original＂ play with the Festival of Hope and more, hanging filial circumstances. The funeral performance has a variety of folk culture functions ： by means of ascending the soul of a dead person to heaven to make the funeral ＂lively＂, it is good for the family of the deceased to serve the guests coming to offer condolences, and it is the right time for the family to reveal his identity and position to gain face and so on.