髋臼发育不良动物模型的建立及其临床意义

Acetabular dysplasia:an experimental study

目的探讨髋臼发育不良在先天性髋关节脱位发病过程中的意义。方法将１２只幼犬通过外科手术造成单侧髋关节脱位，术后３、４周通过大体标本、组织学及Ｘ线摄片，观察髋臼变化。结果术后３周幼犬实验性髋关节脱位侧即出现髋臼发育不良，髋臼上部呈斜坡状，髋臼浅，Ｘ线片上可见髋臼指数增大，由实验前平均１３２±１３度增大为平均２７８±１５度，组织学观察见髋臼软骨退行变化。结论髋臼发育不良为髋关节脱位的继发病变，不是髋关节脱位的原因；如果髋关节脱位或髋关节松驰得到及时治疗。

Objective To demonstrate whether acetabular dysplasia represents a primary feature of congenital dislocation of the hip or secondary defect. Method The capsule of twelve puppies aged five to nine weeks was incised and the ligamentum teres was completely severed under anaesthesia.A part of gluteal medium muscle was implanted in the acetabulum and the head of the femur was dislocated from acetabulum.Roentagenogram was made three weeks after dislocation in all animals. Result As early as three weeks after dislocation,acetabular dysplasia was clearly noted in all animals.There was more acetabular obliquity and increase of acetabular index. Conclusion The acetabular dysplasia is the result but not the cause of congenital dislocation of the hip. This result provides probably support for the concept of developmental dislocation of the hip.