全结肠镜检出大肠息肉及大肠癌患者的结果分析

The results analysis of colorectal polypus and colorectal cancer examined by total colonoscope

目的回顾性分析大肠息肉癌变的相关影响因素及探讨全结肠镜检查对大肠癌及腺瘤患者诊断治疗的重要性。方法对电子肠镜检查中检出的大肠息肉及大肠癌患者的内镜特点及病理资料进行总结和分析。结果在1100例肠镜检查者中，发现大肠息肉患者387例（1543枚），大肠息肉中有42例发生癌变（42枚），息肉好发部位为左半结肠。左半结肠息肉、宽基息肉、直径〉2cm息肉和绒毛状腺瘤容易癌变。大肠癌患者326例，检出率29．63％。大肠息肉、大肠癌以及大肠息肉癌变高发年龄均为45岁以上，具有相似性。大肠癌伴结直肠息肉患者92例，多原发癌29例。术后再发息肉患者66例。结论大肠息肉癌变与患者年龄，息肉部位、大小、形态以及病理类型显著相关。大肠癌及腺瘤患者做全结肠镜检查可以防止漏诊，降低死亡率。

Objective To retrospectively analyze the factors of polypus cancerization in large intestine, and to discuss the importance of total colonoscopy for colorectal cancer and colorectal polypus patients. Methods The endoscopic and pathologic features of colorectal cancer and colorectal polypus patients with bowel polyps detected by video colonoscope were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. Results Of these 1100 cases, 1543 polyps were found in 387 patients. 42 cases were found to have cancerization. Villous adenomatous polyps in the left colon, ≥2.0 cm in diameter are liable to cancerization. Most colorectal cancers originated from the rectum or simgmoid colon, The broader the pedicles and the larger the diameters of polyps are, the higher the malignant rates could be. Of these 1100 cases,326 colorectal cancers（29.63% ）were detected. The age tend to suffer from colorectal cancer and colorectal polypus patients,polypus cancaration are similar higher than 45.92 cases of colorectal cancers were found to have concurrent colorectal polyps. Multiple primary colorectal carcinoma was observed in 29 cases. 66 patients who have had colorectal cancer operation were detected to have colorectal polyps. Conclusion Many factors, such as patient＇s age, the size, morphology, pathology pattern and location of the polyp, were related to colorectal cancerization. Total colonoscopy helps diagnose colorectal cancer,reduce the rate of misdiagnosis and improve the survival.