3-氰基吡啶合成路线及其催化剂研究概述

Summary of the Research on 3-cyanopyridine Synthesis and Ammoxidation Catalyst

目前我国的3-氰基吡啶主要依赖进口,为了缓解国内供需矛盾,寻找合理的3-氰基吡啶工业化生产路线已经迫在眉睫。综述了3-氰基吡啶的合成路线,包括烟酰胺法,2-甲基戊二腈氧化法以及3-甲基哌啶,3-甲基吡啶氨氧化法。着重介绍了氨氧化法的反应机理及其催化剂的催化活性。在对几类钒系以及非钒系催化剂进行探讨的基础上,提出了一种新型的纳米分子筛催化剂,并对其工业应用前景进行了展望。

The consumption of 3 - cyanopyridine in our country mainly depends on import at present. To relieve the contradiction of supply and demand, looking for a reasonable industrialized process is becoming very urgent. The research progress of 3 -cyanopyridine synthesis are summarized, including dehydration of nicotinamide catalyzed by P2O5, oxidation of 2 - methylglutaronitrile with catalyst and ammoxidation of 3 - methylpiperidine or 3 - methylpyridine with catalyst. Emphasis is given to the ammoxidation mechanism and catalytic activities of the catalysts. Through the discussion of several classes of vanadium -based compounds and other catalysts, a new nano -zeolite catalyst is proposed and its industrial application is prospected.