中华倒刺鲃胚胎与仔鱼发育的观察

Observation of Embryonic and Larvae Development of Spinibarbus sinensis

通过对中华倒刺鲃（Spinibarbus sinensis）的胚胎和仔鱼发育进行观察，详细描述了从受精卵到稚鱼期发育时期的时序和形态特征。结果表明：中华倒刺鲃的成熟卵近圆球形，卵径1．8～2．0min，金黄色，受精后卵膜吸水膨胀，卵膜直径达2．6～2．8mm；25．0～27．2℃温度下孵化的初孵仔鱼平均全长（6．43±0．31）mm。在（25±0．5）℃温度条件下，孵化时间为50h28min，孵化积温1261．75℃；克氏囊在尾芽期开始出现，心脏搏动期前消失；出膜后5．5日龄仔鱼初次摄食，进入混合营养期；8．5日龄时卵黄囊完全消失；20日龄时，进入稚鱼期。全长与日龄成极显著的直线相关：TL=0．4501D＋7．0564（P〈0．01）。

Spinibarbus sinensis which is mainly distributed over Changjiang River,is an important commercial fish. The embryonic and larvae development of S. sinesis was studied. The fertilized eggs were obtained by artificial induction of hormone injection in mature S. sinensis and artificial dry - fertilization, and were hatched at the temperature of （ 25 ± 0.5 ） ℃. The larvae hatched at the temperature of 25.0 - 27.2 ℃ were fed at the temperature of （ 25 ± 0.5 ） ℃. The development time and morphological character of the development stages were described in great detail from fertilized eggs to juvenile. The results showed ：the adhesive egg were found almost globular, yellow, 1.8 - 2.0 mm in diameter,2.6 -2.8 mm after fertilization and inflation, and the newly hatched larvae had the mean total length of（6.43 ± 0.31 ） mm at the temperature of 25.0 - 27.2 ℃. When the temperature was （25 ± 0.5 ） ℃, the hatching, time was 50 h 28 min, and the accumulative temperature was 1 261.75 ℃ ,and Kuppfer＇ s vesicle had appeared in the tail bud stage and disappeared in the heart pulsation stage. The larvae began feeding at the instar of on 5.5 days, The yolk was exhausted of the instar of 8.5 days. All of spines and soft rays completed and larvae entered the juvenile stage at the instar of 20 days. There was an extremely significant linear relationship between total length and age：TL =0. 450 1D ±7.056 4（P 〈0. 01 ）.