山西省阳高县沙地的土壤风蚀规律

Regular of Wind Erosion of Sandy Land in Yanggao County of Shanxi Province

选择林地、未翻耕地、耕地、半流动沙地4种土地利用类型,通过定位实验观测与定量分析,研究阳高县沙地不同土地利用类型的风蚀规律。结果认为:1)不同类型近地层2 m内风速随高度近似地服从对数分布规律,林地的斜率最大为1.663 1,未翻耕地的斜率最小为0.895 4,说明林地上林分对风速梯度影响最大,风速降低比率最大,其他下垫面类型斜率大小次序是耕地>半流动沙地>未翻耕地。2)不同下垫面对应的粗糙度大小不同,林地粗糙度为3.267 9 cm,属于最大;其次为半流动沙地、耕地、未翻耕地。增大下垫面的粗糙度,可以控制风速和风沙流的产生及运动。3)林地、耕地、未翻耕地和半流动沙地土壤输沙量的大小依次为半流动沙地>未翻耕地>耕地>林地。

The wind erosion rule of different lands in Yanggao County was studied by analyzing and observation location on forest land,uncultivated land,cultivated land, and semi-flow sandy land.The results indicate that,（1） for different land,the relation between wind speed and height of 2 m above ground obeys all logarithmic distribution law.The curve slope order is： forest land〉cultivated land〉semi-flow sandy land〉uncultivated land.of which forest land is 1.663 1,the maximum,and uncultivated land 0.895 4,minimum.The order of roughness is forest land〉semi-flow sandy land〉cultivated land〉uncultivated land,of which forest land is the maximum of 3.267 9 m.（2） The order of the amount of soil transporting sand is,semi-flow sandy land〉uncultivated land〉cultivated land〉forest land.