矿区人居环境安全问题研究——以谭家山煤矿为例

Study on Habitat Environmental Security around Mines:with Tanjiashan Coal Mine as an Example

结合对谭家山煤矿矿区地质环境破坏、环境污染等灾害现状的调查与研究,探讨煤矿生产所导致的地面塌陷及裂缝、矿震、边坡失稳与滑坡、矿区土地损毁、大气污染、水污染、土壤污染等灾害所引发的矿区人居环境安全问题;提出煤矿住区的建设不但要遵循一般的建设原则;还要针对威胁人居安全的各种具体灾害采取特殊的建设技术。笔者认为,可以通过对住区功能环境、环保环境、安全环境、人文环境等方面的建设,来实现矿区人居环境安全的改善,以减轻煤矿区不利的环境因素对住区的影响。

On the basis of the investigation and research of the geological environmental damage, envi- ronmental pollution in Tanjiashan Coalmine, the habitat environmental security problems, resulting from ground subsidence and cracks, mining-induced earthquakes, slope instability and landslides, land destruction around mine, atmospheric pollution, water pollution and soil pollution, are discussed. It is pro- posed that the construction of the habitat around coal mines not only follow the general construction princi- ples, but also take special constructing techniques against the threatening of each specific disaster to the habitat security. The improvement of the habitat environmental security around mines and the relief of the influence of adverse environmental factors around coal mines on habitat environment security can be a- chieved through the construction on such aspects as function environment, environmental-protection environment, security environment and human environment, etc.