中外灭火专业标准体系比较研究

Comparative Study on Fire Fighting Standard System between China and Foreign Countries

为明确我国灭火专业标准体系发展的方向和重点,分别从灭火剂、灭火器、灭火救援装备、消防通信和灭火救援管理5个方面对我国和国际消防标准化组织、美国消防标准研究机构及协会发布的灭火救援标准共200项进行了比较研究。结果表明,我国固体和液体灭火剂标准处于国际领先水平,但气体灭火剂标准未涉及部分新型卤代烷气体灭火剂;灭火器标准修订情况落后于国际标准;灭火装备类标准数量较多,但不够全面且缺乏系统性;消防通信系统标准落后于目前通信技术的发展;灭火救援管理类标准是我国消防标准化最为薄弱的方面。针对上述问题,对我国灭火专业标准体系的发展和完善提出了改进意见。

From five aspects of fire extinguishing media, fire extinguishers, fire fighting and rescuing equipment, fire communications and fire fighting and rescuing management, fire fighting standards covering 200 items among Chinese Technical Committee for Fire Protection Standardization, International Organiza tion for Standardization, fire protection standards research institutions and association in U. S. A, were compared to clarify the direction and emphasis of fire fighting standard system of China. The results show that foam and powder media standards keep ahead of international, however, gas fireextinguishing agent standards are not involved in some of the new type halogenated hydrocarbons fire extinguishing agent; Re- vision of fire extinguisher standards are behind international standards ; Larger number of fire fighting equipment standards, but is not comprehensive and systematic enough; Fire communication system stand- ards are behind the development of communications technology; Fire fighting and rescue management standards are the weakest aspect of fire safety standardization in China. To solve these problems, constructive suggestions on development and improvement of fire fighting standard system of China were presented.