基于经济学视角的流域环境管理

Watershed Environmental Management Based on the Economics Perspective

以自然流域为单元的管理体制是水环境管理的发展趋势,以经济学视角研究流域环境管理是从根本上解决流域的环境问题并制定有效环境经济政策的基础。从经典经济学和新制度经济学的基本理论分析可知,流域环境资源是公共物品,市场对于流域环境资源的配置不能达到帕累托最优状态,机制设计理论可以在信息不对称的背景下指导流域环境管理机制设计,提高流域环境管理效率,以此衍生出的流域环境经济学,是一门重要的环境经济学分支,将成为一个新的学科增长点。

Taking natural watershed as a unit management system ts the ctevetopment trent of water environment management. To research the watershed environmental management based on economics perspective is the basis for solving watershed environmental problems and formulating effective environmental economic policy. According to the basic theory of the classical economics and new institutional economics, Pareto efficiency can not be achieved the optimum through the allocation of watershed environmental resources by market regulation due to the characteristic of public goods. In the context of asymmetric information, the watershed environmental management mechanisms should be designed based on mechanism design theory to improve the efficiency of watershed environmental management, and then watershed environmental economics will become an important subject applied to watershed environment management research.