从布鲁氏菌种的变化看内蒙布鲁氏菌病的流行特点和规律

Analyse on the Epidemiological Characteristics of Brucellosis and in Inner Mongolia Through the Observation of the Change among Brucella Species

为进一步探讨内蒙古自治区布鲁氏菌病 (布病 )的流行特点和规律 ,对内蒙古 4 0年来检出的布鲁氏菌 (布氏菌 )的统计资料 ,从种的分布、种的转栖、种的变异、种的毒力、种的型别等几个方面的变化 ,进行了综合分析。结果表明 ,内蒙布病疫情从 70年代以前的大规模爆发流行 ,到 80年代的平稳散发 ,到 90年代的抬头 ,取决于布氏菌种以羊种为主→牛种为主→羊种为主这种变化的因素。而人为的有意识或无意识的干扰措施又是造成菌种变化的重要条件。当前内蒙布病流行特点 (高度分散性爆发、3种菌疫点同时存在、农牧场出菌较集中等 )均与布氏菌种的分布和变化密切相关。作者强调 ,开展布氏菌种的监测工作 ,及时掌握菌种的动态变化规律 ,是预测布病疫情不可忽视的步骤 (环节 )。

This article analysed the epidemiological characteristics of Brucellosis in Inner Mongolia.Data had been collected for the last fourty years since 1 937 on the changes of Brucella species in their distribution,variation,toxicity,types,etc. The authors pointed out that changes of Brucella species played a decisive role in changing the epidemiological patterns,while intentionally active or passive intervention importantly contributed to the change of Brucella species. It was emphasized that the survey on Brucella species and the dynamic change of epidemiologieal features were closely related which should not be ignored for the forecasting of Brucellosis epidemics.