真菌激发子对灵芝液体发酵生产多糖和三萜类物质的影响

Effect of Different Fungal Elicitors on Production of Polysaccharide and Triterpenoid in Liquid Fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum

采用酸解法以3种食用菌病原真菌(木素木霉、蘑菇轮枝孢和顶头孢)为激发子菌株分别制备相应激发子,以不同浓度和不同时间添加到灵芝发酵培养基中,考察对灵芝多糖和三萜类物质积累的影响。其中顶头孢激发子无论是对灵芝多糖还是对灵芝三萜类物质积累的诱导作用都是三者中最好的,使灵芝多糖和三萜类物质的积累与对照组相比分别提高了6.1倍和5.2倍,且最佳作用浓度均为120μg/ml,最佳加入时间分别为灵芝发酵培养的中期(3d)和初期(0d);木素木霉激发子对灵芝多糖和三萜类物质积累的诱导作用次之,其产量分别是对照组的2.7倍和4.0倍,最佳作用浓度均为80μg/ml,并且最佳加入时间均为灵芝发酵培养的后期(5d);而蘑菇轮枝孢激发子对灵芝这两种活性物质积累的诱导作用是这3种激发子作用效果最弱的。另外,3种真菌激发子对灵芝生物量的积累也都产生了积极的影响,特别是木素木霉激发子以80μg/ml的浓度在灵芝发酵培养初期加入,可以使生物量的积累比对照增加2.3倍。研究结果表明,真菌激发子对灵芝多糖和三萜类物质的积累因激发子种类、浓度以及添加时间的不同而产生了不同的影响。

The influence of fungal elicitors on the liquid fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum （Fr.） Karst was investigated. The fungal elicitors were prepared by acid hydrolysis of edible fungal pathogens including Trichoderma viride （Per.） Fries, Verticillium psalliotae Treschew, and Acremonium strictum Gams. These obtained elicitors were added to the fermentation media of G. lucidum at different concentrations and at different stages and. Addition of A. strictum elicitor at concentration of 120μg/ml to the fermentation media of G. lucidum at middle stage and initial stage resulted in 6.1 folds and 5.2 folds higher of yields of polysaccharide and triterpenoid, compared to the control. T. viride elicitor added at the concentration of 80μg/ml at late stage stimulated a moderate yields of the polysaccharide and triterpenoid whereas the V. psalliotae elicitor resulted in the lowest effect on the two kinds of bioactive products in G. lucidum among these elicitors. In addition, these tested fungal elicitors still enhanced the biomass yield, especially T. viride elictor at concentration of 80μg/ml, resulting in 2.3 folds higher of biomass yield than the control when added to the fermentation media of G. lucidum at initial stage. These results showed that effects of fungal elicitor could vary on the secondary metabolism of G. lucidum.