海参主要活性成分对大鼠脂质代谢影响的比较研究

Hypolipidemic Effect of Bioactive Components from Sea Cucumber in Rats

目的:研究海参及其所含各主要活性成分对正常大鼠脂质代谢的影响。方法:将Wistar大鼠随机分为7组:正常对照组、整参组、皂苷组、多糖组、胶原多肽组、除皂苷残余物组和残渣组。连续饲喂28d,分别测定大鼠血清总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density li-poprotein-cholesterol,HDL-C)含量,以及肝脏TC、TG、磷脂(phospholipid,PL)含量。并检测了皂苷、多糖对脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)活性的抑制作用。结果:海参可抑制体内脂肪囤积,显著降低肾周脂肪含量。海参还可明显降低血清和肝脏中TC、TG浓度,以皂苷、多糖的效果最佳。另外,海参皂苷、多糖对FAS具有直接抑制作用,且皂苷抑制效果更强。结论:海参中的主要活性成分对大鼠脂肪代谢影响明显不同,皂苷降脂效果优于多糖。

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sea cucumber and its main bioactive components on lipid metabolism in rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups with six rats per group. Group fed with basal diet served as a control group and other groups were fed the basal diets incorporated with whole sea cucumber, saponin, polysaccharide, polypeptide, dreg and no-saponin residue, respectively. After 28 days＇feeding, serum total cholesterol （TC）, triglyceride （TG）, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol （HDL-C）, hepatic lipid concentrations （TG, TC and phospholipids） were measured. The inhibitory effects of saponin and polysaccharide on activities of fatty acid synthase （FAS） were also determined. Sea cucumber significantly reduced the accumulation of perirenal adipose tissue in rats. The TC and TG concentrations in serum and liver were significantly decreased by whole sea cucumber, especially by saponin and polysaccharide. The activities of FAS were sup-pressed by both saponin and polysaccharide, and saponin showed significantly higher FAS inhibitory effects than that of polysaccharide. In summary, saponin and polysaccharide were the major active components in sea cucumber, and saponin was more efficacious than polysaccharide in lowering lipid in rat.