解决船舶生物污损问题的国际统一方式

Uniform Measures for Marine Bio-Fouling Issues

生物污损造成的环境生态破坏问题是近年来海洋环境保护工作者研究的热点问题,船舶的生物污损带来的外来物种入侵问题也引起了国际海事组织(International Maritime Organization,IMO)的高度关注。各成员国将在IMO的组织下为解决船舶生物污损问题制定国际统一的控制措施。通过对船舶生物污损危害性的介绍,结合国外一些国家对生物污损问题的管理经验,并与压载水公约的立法过程进行对比,分析了IMO可能采取的立法措施,对我国航运业应采取的应对措施提出了意见和建议。

Bio-fouling causing ecological damage is a hot issue for marine environmental protection researchers. The transfer of invasive aquatic species through ships＇ bio-fouling draws high attentions from International Maritime Organization. Its member states will develop uniform control measures to resolve the bio-fouling problem under IMO （International Maritime Organization）. Harmful effects of bio-fouling on environments and some experiences about bio-fouling management from foreign countries are introduced briefly. In comparison with the adoption process of BWM （Ballast Water Management） Convention, analyses of proposed legislative measures by IMO are carried out, the opinions and suggestions for corresponding measures that should be taken by China＇s shipping industry are presented.