基于价值链的中海集运公司风险管理

Risk Management of Shipping Firms on the Basis of Value Chain

现代海运业具有"高投资、高风险、高收益"的特点。由于风险众多而分散,传统的企业风险管理模式已难以满足现代航运企业对于风险管理的需求。从系统和集成的角度出发,提出了基于Hines价值链的航运企业风险管理模式,将航运企业面临的风险分为企业内部风险、企业间风险、价值链外部风险等3个层次;针对不同层次的风险宜采取不同的风险处理策略,并特别论述了上述3层次风险之间的关联性。作为案例,对中海集运公司的风险管理实践进行了剖析。结论表明,我国航运企业在企业内部风险管理方面已积累了丰富的经验,并开始重视通过企业间合作来削弱企业间风险的影响,但在价值链外部风险上尚乏举措,在风险管理文化的构建上亦有待深化。

Modern shipping industry is features by high investment, high profit and high risk. Traditional risk management modes are hard to meet the requirements of modern shipping enterprises due to the existence of large amount and diversified risks in the industry. Enlightened by system theory and integration theory, a method of enterprise risk management based on Hines value chain is put forward, in which the risks faced by shipping enterprises are classified into three levels, i.e. inner risks of a shipping enterprise, risks among shipping enterprises, and external risks of the value chain, and different strategies should be taken for the different levels of risk. The correlations among the three levels of risk are particularly discussed. As an example, the practice of risk management in CSCL Co. , Ltd. is studied, through which the conclusion can he drawn that fruitful experiences have been accumulated in risk management of the former two levels for China＇s shipping enterprises, while more efforts should he put into the risk management of the last level and the construction of risk management culture.