耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌耐药性及抗菌药物使用分析

Antibiotic Resistance in Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus and Antibiotics Usage

目的了解临床分离的葡萄球菌属耐药性、抗菌药物的使用情况及治疗效果,指导临床合理用药。方法用VITEK-2微生物分析系统对医院2008年1-12月临床分离菌株进行鉴定及药物敏感试验,设计调查表了解葡萄球菌属检测阳性患者的抗菌药物使用种类、天数及疗效等。结果葡萄球菌属对盐酸万古霉素、呋喃妥因、喹奴普汀/达福普汀、利奈唑胺敏感率较高(>90.00%);耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌(MRS)对多种抗菌药物的耐药率均高于甲氧西林敏感葡萄球菌(MSS);根据药敏结果用药者占63.01%;葡萄球菌属检出阳性后抗菌药物使用种类高于检出前;用药后微生物培养者阳性率为43.75%。结论临床MRS耐药现象严峻,临床应重视多药耐药菌的监测和报告,并根据药敏结果规范用药以有效清除并控制葡萄球菌属的发生与流行。

OBJECTIVE To investigate antibiotic resistance and antibiotics usage of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus（MRS） and provide reference evidence in antibiotics using.METHODS Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by biological assay system of VITEK-2.Design questionnaires to get the message of the categories,days,effects of antibacterial drug used.RESULTS Drug sensitive ratio to vancomycin,nitrofurantoin,quinupristin-dalfopristin,linezolid were all over 90.00%.The resistant ratios to some antibacterials in MRS were higher than in meticillin-sensitive Staphylococcus（MSS）.The categories of antibacterials used after Staphylococcus species detection were more than before.63.01% patients′ medication was determined by antibiotic susceptibility test.Staphylococcus isolated ratio was 43.75% after antibacterial drug used.CONCLUSIONS The status of MRS is very serious.We should pay more attention to the identification and report of resistant strains and it is important to supervise Staphylococcus efficiently and medication by antibiotic susceptibility test.