清原县农村居民精神障碍流行病学调查

Epidemiological Survey of Mental Disorders in Rural Areas of Qingyuan County

目的了解清原县农村居民精神障碍患病率及其分布特点。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,以复合性国际诊断交谈检查量表(CIDI1.0)对清原县2 598名18～65岁农村居民进行入户调查,采用DSM-Ⅲ-R标准对情感障碍、焦虑障碍及酒精使用障碍做出诊断。结果调查的应答率为94.16%。精神障碍的2周、12个月和终生患病率分别为4.97%,7.51%和9.39%,标化率分别为4.39%,6.61%和8.27%。情感障碍、焦虑障碍和酒精使用障碍的终生患病率分别为2.81%,5.27%和3.16%。女性的情感障碍(4.60%)和焦虑障碍(8.96%)患病率高于男性,酒精使用障碍(0.08%)显著低于男性。患病率随年龄增加而增高,55岁后略下降。文化程度低者情感障碍和焦虑障碍患病率高。离婚或丧偶者情感障碍患病率(11.11%)较高。18.03%和0.82%的患者一生中曾患有二类或三类疾病。结论清原县精神障碍患病率较高。45～岁组、文化程度低者、离婚或丧偶者患病率高。

Objective To describe the prevalence and distribution of mental disorders among people aged 18-65 yrs in rural areas of Qingyuan county, Liaoning province. Methods 2 598 subjects aged 18-65 yrs were selected by multi-stage randomly cluster sampling method. They were treated with Composite International Diagnostic Interview （CIDI-1.0） by face to face interview, and then they were diagnosed by DSM- Ⅲ -R. Results The response rate was 94.16%. The 2-week, 12-month and lifetime prevalence of overall DSM-Ⅲ-R disorders were 4.97%, 7.51% and 9.39% adjusted by Liaoning provincial population, and 4.39%, 6.61% and 8.27% regulated by countrywide population in 2000. The lifetime prevalence of affective disorders, anxiety and alcohol use disorders were 2.81%, 5.27% and 3.16%, respectively. Compared to the males, the females had significantly higher lifetime prevalence of affective disorders （4.60%） and anxiety （8.96%） disorders and lower alcohol use disorder （0.08%）. The divorced had significantly elevated prevalence for mood disorders （11.11%）. 18.03% and 0.82% patients had two or three disorders in their life. Conclusions Mental disorders had become a serious public health problem in Qingyuan County. Something should be done for its prevention among people with high risk.