浦东新区社区2型糖尿病患者营养教育干预研究

Comparison Research of Nutritional Education Intervention on type 2 Diabetes in Communities of Pudong New Area

目的评估浦东新区社区营养教育对2型糖尿病的干预效果。方法 2005年4月—2006年4月分别选取金杨、浦兴两社区自愿参加的非住院2型糖尿病患者102例为干预组,99例为对照组。干预组除给予药物治疗外并采取膳食评价与指导、营养健康教育、营养咨询、食谱配制等干预措施,对照组为单纯药物治疗。干预前后对两组患者采用24 h膳食回顾法进行膳食调查及相关生化指标测定。结果干预后干预组膳食知识知晓率、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇为[(79.41%)、(1.27±0.38)mmol/L]均高于对照组为[(52.53%)、(1.17±0.16)mmol/L],差别有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),糖化血红蛋白[(6.63±1.81)%]低于对照组为[(7.10±0.74)%],差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 2型糖尿病患者在使用药物治疗的同时加强营养教育,注意饮食和营养,对改善2型糖尿病患者血糖控制效果较好。

Objective To assess the effect of community-based nutrition education intervention in type 2 diabetes in Pudong New Area. Methods 102 cases of outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from community Jingyang as the intervention group and 99 cases with T2DM from the community Puxing as the control group were respectively selected. In addition to medicine treatment, the patients in the intervention group were given evaluation and dietary guidance, nutrition health education, nutrition counseling, interventions such as diet preparation and so on, the control group only given the simple drug treatment. Results At the end of the study, awareness rate of diet nutrition and levels of high-density lipoprotein significantly increased in the intervention group （79.41% and 1.27±0.38 mmol/L） than in the control one （52.53%, 1.17±0.16 mmol/L） （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）; but level of glycosylated hemoglobin was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control（6.63±1.81 vs. 7.10±0.74 mmol/L） （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Besides the medication, patients with T2DM should strengthen the nutrition education at the same time, pay more attention to their diet and nutrition, so to improve effective control of blood glucose.