篮球运动中视觉搜索行为和预测能力的研究与展望

Review and Prospect of Visual Search Behavior and Predictive Capability Researches in Basketball

回顾与分析在篮球运动中眼动研究的文献,这些研究多数采用的是专家—新手范式;实验材料多为运动实践的影像场景或者静态的比赛图片;视觉搜索行为和预测能力是观测的主要指标;眼动记录技术与计算机技术的结合,使得眼动数据记录的精度和速度有了较大的提高。研究采用的模式比较泛化;实验的条件、环境和过程与真实的比赛存在着很大的差距;研究涉及的篮球技术动作和战术情境较少;研究的对象比较单一,职能位置考虑不足是当前篮球运动中眼动研究存在的一些问题。

Reviewing and analyzing of eye moving research literature in basketball, the majority of these studies used in the literature are expert - novice design; experimental materials are static pictures and films of sports games; visual search behavior and decision-making skill are the indexes of measurement; eye movement recording technology and computer technology, make the accuracy of eye moving data recording and speed enhanced. However, the limits of current researches are as follow： style of researches is rather common; a great gap exists among experimental conditions, environment, procedures and the real games; very few research techniques involved in basketball action and tactical situational; single subjects under test; less consideration of different functions of different positions.