微波-酶法提取远志总皂苷的工艺研究

Microwave-enzymatic Extraction Process of Total Saponins in Polygala

目的:优选远志总皂苷的微波-酶法最佳提取工艺条件。方法:用乙醇和水为溶剂,以远志提取液中总皂苷提取物的收率为指标,采用3因素3水平的正交设计法和单因素法对微波-复合酶法提取工艺条件进行优选。结果:实验条件下的最优工艺条件为:在pH=7,45℃条件下,酶解时间为1h,控制料液比1∶25,微波功率255W,提取4min,乙醇浓度95%,酶浓度为0.30%,远志总皂苷的提取率达2.03%;用显微镜观察到微波、复合酶破坏了远志细胞壁的结构;薄层色谱分析表明微波未破坏皂苷结构。结论:与直接传统乙醇回流提取法相比,微波-酶法提取能大大缩短提取时间,降低有机溶剂用量,并能提高远志总皂苷的收率。

Objective： Optimization the extraction conditions of total saponins in Polygala using microwave-enzymatic extraction method. Methods： Using ethanol and water as solvent , the yields of total saponins in Polygala as indicator, using throe factors and three levels of the orthogonal design and single - factor method of microwave-enzymatic extraction method, the extraction process conditions were optimized. Results： Under the experimental conditions the optimum process conditions are as follows ： pH = 7, 45℃, 1 h hydrolysis time, the ratio of material to liquid is 1：25, microwave power is 255W, extraction time is 4min, the concentration of ethanol is 95% , enzyme concentration is 0.30%, the total extraction rate of total saponins in Polygala is 2.03% ; From the microscope view the microwave and enzyme destroyed the cell wall of polygala; through the thin - layer chromatography plate, the microwave did not damaged the structure of saponins. Conclusion： Comparing to traditional method of direct ethanol extraction, microwave - enzymatic extraction method can greatly shorted the extraction time, reduce the amount of organic solvents and can improve the yields of total saponins in Polygala.