乙型肝炎病毒与细胞相互作用的研究进展

Some recent progress in studying hepatitis B virus-cell interactions

乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)是一种类反转录(retroid)病毒,其DNA基因组短小,编码能力有限;但HBV却能成功地在不同宿主个体中繁殖,并在人群中广泛传播。本文着重对HBV与宿主细胞关系的研究进展进行综述,以利于阐明HBV复制及其在宿主细胞内持续存在的特性。这些内容主要来自于本实验室的研究。文中讨论的HBV与宿主之间的相互作用主要包括:细胞伴侣分子在HBV反转录起始和核衣壳组装中的作用,宿主通过调控核衣壳磷酸化对病毒衣壳成熟的调节以及与HBV持续存在相关的核内附加体(episomal)病毒DNA的形成。

The hepatitis B virus （HBV） is a retroid virus that contains a small DNA genome with very limited coding capacity. Yet, HBV is extremely successful both at multiplying within individual host cells and at spreading across populations. In this review, we will highlight some recent progress in understanding HBV-host cell interactions that are likely to contribute to the extraordinary ability of HBV to replicate and persist within the host cell, focusing primarily on studies carried out in my own laboratory. The major HBV-cell interactions to be discussed include the role of cellular chaperones for the initiation of HBV reverse transcription and nucleocapsid assembly, host regulation of viral nucleocapsid maturation through the dynamic modulation of its state of phosphorylation, and the formation of the viral nuclear episomal DNA responsible for HBV persistence.