和田软玉的化学成分和显微结构研究

Study on Chemical Compositions and Microstructures of Nephrite from Hetian

采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)系统对产自新疆和田的软玉样品的主要矿物组成、化学成分、显微结构等进行了较详细的研究,并与产自中国青海、辽宁、河南及韩国的软玉样品进行了比较。结果表明,各产地软玉样品的矿物组成、化学成分和显微结构有一定的差异。和田软玉样品中含有镁质绿泥石,而辽宁软玉样品中含有较多的闪锌矿,青海软玉样品中有含Zr元素矿物的颗粒,河南软玉样品中有含La与Ce元素较高矿物的颗粒;对纯度较高的软玉样品,仅依靠主成分很难区分其产地,但依靠其微量元素成分却能起到较好的鉴别作用;和田软玉样品中透闪石的显微结构较致密,纤维尺寸要小于其它产地软玉样品的。以上信息对确定软玉的产地具有较好的参考意义。

The main mineral components,chemical compositions and microstructures of the nephrite samples from Hetian,Xinjiang,are studied by using the field emission scanning electron microscope and compared with the nephrite samples from other localities,such as Qinghai,Liaoning,Henan of China,and Korea.The results indicate that the mineral components,chemical compositions and microstructures of the samples from the different localities have the differences to some degree.The nephrite sample from Hetian contains magnesium chlorite,the nephrite sample from Liaoning Province contains more sphalerite,the nephrite sample from Qinghai Province contains Zr-bearing mineral particles,and the nephrite sample from Henan Province contains La-and Ce-bearing mineral particles.It is very difficult to distinguish where the pure nephrites are from only by their main chemical compositions,but it is functional by their trace elements.Compared with the nephrite samples from other localities,the microstructure of tremolite in nephrite samples from Hetian are more compact and their sizes are smaller.The above information is important to decide where the nephrites come from.