中国黑碳气溶胶分布特征与辐射强迫的模拟研究

A Simulation Study on Distributive Characteristics and Radiative Forcing of Black Carbon Aerosols over China

利用区域气候模式RegCM3模拟2000年我国黑碳气溶胶的分布特征和辐射强迫。结果表明,黑碳气溶胶主要分布在我国黄河以南、青藏高原以东的广大区域,柱含量由南向北递减;柱含量最大值在0.6 mg/m2以上,出现在中南、四川盆地、湖南、贵州、广西、广东西部和云南南部等地区;青藏高原南侧黑碳气溶胶次高值区的存在,反映了气溶胶的跨国界输送并影响区域气候的特点。黑碳气溶胶的大气顶辐射强迫介于0.1~0.8 W/m2之间,地表辐射强迫介于-0.1^-2.0 W/m2之间,两者分布特征与柱含量分布特征基本一致。同柱含量相似,黑碳气溶胶大气顶辐射强迫和地表辐射强迫也有明显的季节性变化,春季最大,秋、冬季次之,夏季最小。

Regional climate model RegCM3 was applied to simulate distributive characteristics and radi- ative forcing of black carbon aerosols over China in 2000. The simulation results show that black carbon aerosols mostly located to the area south of the Yellow River and east of the Tibetan Plateau. There was a general decreasing trend of column burden from south to north in China. The maximum of column burden of above 0.6 mg/m^2 lay in central-south China, Sichuan Basin, Hunan, Guizhou, Guangxi, western Guangdong and southern Yunnan;and the secondary maximum lay in southern Tibetan Plateau, reflecting the internationally cross-bound transfer characteristic of aerosols that affect the climate change. The radiative forcing at the top-of-atmosphere（TOA） ranged from 0.1 to 0.8 W/m^2 ,compared to the surface radiative forcing of -0.1— -2.0 W/m^2 ,the distribution characteristics of them were consistent with those of the column burden. The seasonal change pattern of the radiative forcing at the TOA and the ground surface were same with those of the column burden, i. e. the maximum appeared in spring, the secondary maximum in winter and autumn, while the minimum in summer.