北京社区血脂异常者患病知晓率影响因素分析

Factors associated with dyslipidemia awareness among residents in Beijing:results from CCEIP

目的研究影响北京社区血脂异常患者患病知晓率的因素。方法2007年6月至8月北京大学人民医院对北京大兴、朝阳、海淀及西城4个城区、51个居委会10054名居民中筛选出的3373例血脂异常患者资料进行分析。通过问卷了解患者社会经济学情况及血脂异常患病知晓情况;根据体格检查及晨起空腹血浆化验结果,评价人群高血压、肥胖及糖尿病等心血管病危险因素患病情况。结果(1)随年龄增长,血脂异常患者患病知晓率逐渐升高(P<0.01)。(2)学历、婚姻状况、医保类型及家庭人均收入等社会经济学因素对患者知晓率存在影响。自费患者与享受农村合作医疗、城镇职工医保以及公费医疗患者,血脂异常知晓率分别为15.4%、14.4%、46.4%及54.4%。享受农村合作医疗的患者,其血脂异常知晓率并不高于自费患者人群(P=0.608)。(3)合并存在其他心血管病危险因素的亚组人群中,超重或肥胖的患者其知晓率并不高于正常体重血脂异常人群(29.3%、31.6%对27.6%,P=0.167);吸烟者的患病知晓率仅为19.2%,低于不吸烟或已戒烟患者群体(19.2%对34.4%、32.3%,P<0.01)。结论中青年及合并心血管病危险因素的血脂异常患者其知晓率仍不理想,应加大对上述人群的降脂干预力度。

Objective To investigate the factors associated with awareness of dyslipidemia among residents in Beijing. Methods Cross-sectional data of 3 373 patients with dyslipidemia from CCEIP were analyzed. The patients were seleted from 10 054 residents from Daxing, Chaoyang, Haidian, and Xicheng Districts of Beijing during June-August ,2007. The socioeconomic status and awareness of dyslipidemia were surveyed by questionnaires. The risk factors for cardiovascular diseases （ CVDs）, such as hypertension, obesity and diabetes, were assessed by physical examination and fasting blood analysis. Results （ 1 ） Awareness of dyslipidemia was improved with the in- crease of patients＇ age （P 〈 0. 01 ）. （2）Socioeconomic factors associated with awareness included education level, status of marriage, income and types of medical care patients enjoying. The awareness rates of patients without insurance,with rural cooperative medical care, insurance of urban workers, and free medical care were 15.4%, 14.4% ,46. 4% and 54.4% ,respectively. The awareness rate in patients with rural cooperative medical care was not significantly higher than those without insurance （ P = 0. 608 ）. （ 3 ） The awareness rates in overweight and obese patients were not significnalty higher than than in patients with normal bodyweight （29. 3% ,31.6% vs 27.6% ,P =0. 167 ）. Only 19. 2% smoking patients knew their lipid status, which was significantly lower than non-smokers and those have quit smoking（ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion Move intensive education and intervention should be given to young and middle-aged patients and patients with other CVD risk factors.