低特质焦虑大学生在有无诱发恐惧情绪下对情绪面孔的注意偏向

Attentional bias of low trait anxiety college students with or without fear-induced mood to emotional faces

目的探讨大学生中低特质焦虑个体在有无诱发恐惧情绪下对情绪面孔的注意偏向。方法根据特质焦虑问卷得分,在大学一年级学生中选择得分最低的59名随机分为低焦虑试验1、2组完成注意试验。采用点探测任务,以情绪面孔图片为刺激材料,要求被试尽快对探测目标作出判断。比较有无诱发恐惧情绪下低特质焦虑个体对情绪面孔的注意偏向差异。结果当无诱发情绪时,被试对负性面孔的注意偏向值与0比较差异显著[D=(-11.09±25.40),t=-2.391,P=0.024),其指向指数值与0比较差异显著[OI=(-20.28±22.90),t=-4.850,P<0.01];当诱发恐惧情绪时,被试的对负性面孔的注意偏向值与0比较差异不显著[D=(3.73±25.28),t=0.794,P>0.05]。结论低特质焦虑大学生对负性面孔存在回避现象是由指向引起的,而在诱发恐惧情绪时回避现象消失。

Objective To investigate the attentional bias for emotionally faces in subjects with low-trait anxiety when they are under normal or induce-fear emotion. Methods Trait anxiety inquiry （T-AI） were used to evaluate the mental health status of 480 freshman in a university, and 450 valid questionnaires were obtained. Among them, 90 students were identified as low trait anxiety. Sixty students from them were randomized into 2 group （n = 30） to receive a dot-probe task with emotional face as stimulus. They were asked to judge the target. The attentional bias under normal or fear-induced emotion to the emotionally faces was exam- ined. Results Low trait anxious college students showed attentional avoidance to the negative faces when they were under normal emotion [ D = （ -11.09 ±25.40）, t = -2. 391, P =0. 0241, and the orientation was significant [ OI = （ -20.28 ±22.90）, t = -4. 850, P 〈0.01]. However, the attentional avoidance disappeared when they were under fear-induced emotion [ D = （3.73 ± 25.28）, t = 0.794, P 〉 0.05 ]. Conclusion Low trait anxious college students have attentional avoidance to negative faces because of orientation, but the avoidance will disappear when they are under fear emotion.