以污泥酸性发酵产物为碳源生物处理模拟酸性矿山废水的工艺特性

Technological characteristics of biological treatment of acid mine drainage with acidic fermentation production of sewage treatment plant sludge as carbon source

以污水处理厂污泥的酸性发酵产物为硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)的碳源,在厌氧膨胀颗粒污泥床(EGSB)反应器中,研究了生物处理模拟酸性矿山废水(AMD)的工艺特性及影响因素。试验结果表明,污水厂污泥的酸性发酵产物可作为SRB的合适碳源。常温(20℃)条件下,当AMD中SO24-浓度为3000 mg.L-1,pH值3.0,EGSB反应器中液体升流速度为5.0 m.h-1,水力停留时间HRT=13.8 h,碳源COD/SO24-比值取1.0左右,进水SO24-负荷为5.22 kg SO24-.m-3.d-1时,SRB的还原能力可达到3.32 kg SO24-.m-3.d-1,SRB的比还原能力为0.356 kg SO24-.(kg VSS)-1.d-1。AMD处理出水pH值可达6.0,SO24-还原率达到63.6%,COD去除率为45.1%,重金属Fe2+、Mn2+、Ni2+、Zn2+、Cu2+去除率均在89%以上。出水pH值和重金属离子浓度均满足排放标准。

With acidic fermentation production of sewage treatment plant sludge as carbon source for sulfate-reducing bacteria （SRB）, the technological characteristics and influence factors of biological treatment of acid mine drainage （AMD） in the expanded granular sludge bed （EGSB） reactor were investigated. The results showed that acidic fermentation supernatant of sewage plant sludge could be a suitable carbon source for SRB. At normal temperature （20℃）, when SO4^2- concentration was 3000 mg· L^-1 and pH value was 3.0 in AMD, liquid up-flow velocity was 5.0 m · h^-1 and hydraulic retention time was 13.8 h in the EGSB reactor, COD/SO4^2- ratio was about 1.0, influent SO4^2- loading was 5.22 kg SO4^2-· m^-3 · d ^-1, SRB reduction capacity could reach 3.32 kg SO4^2-· m^-3· d ^-1 and specific reduction capacity could reach 0. 356 kg SO4^2 - （kg VSS） ^-1 · d^-1. At this point pH value in treated effluent of AMD could be up to 6.0, SO4^2- reduction efficiency was 63.6 %, COD removal efficiency was 45.1% and removal efficiency of heavy metals （Fe^2＋ , Mn^2＋ , Ni^2＋ , Zn^2＋ , Cu^2＋） were all more than 89%. The pH values and heavy metal ions concentrations in the effluent could both meet discharge standard.