从教学工作的性质与特点看教师的“职业倦怠”

Viewing Teachers’ Professional Burnout from the Nature and Characteristics of Teaching Work

教师的教学工作具有知识的再生产性（非生产性）、周期的循环性、成果显现的延时性和方式的个体性等性质和特点，这些特点是造成教师职业倦怠不可忽视的因素。为了解决这一问题，采取以下对策和措施是必要的：还原教学工作的应然属性，激发教师对教学工作的兴趣和热情；增加教师教学工作中的“研究”元素，满足教师创造和探索的心理需求；树立教学改革的意识，鼓励教师探索教学的规律；构建教学工作的过程激励机制，诱发教师的职业成就感。

The teaching work of teachers are characterized by the re-productivity of knowledge （nonproductivity）, circulation, the delay of achievement presentation and the individuality of ways, which has produced the professional burnout of teachers. To solve the problem, we should try to restore the original ego of teaching work, inspire teachers＇ interest and enthusiasm to teaching work; take teachers as real researchers, satisfy their psychological needs for creating and probing, set up the consciousness of teaching reform, encourage them to explore teaching law, construct incentive mechanism in the process of teaching and stimulate teachers＇ sense of professional achievement.