20世纪50年代中国赶超战略再思考

Rethinking of the China's Overtaking Strategy in 1950s

对20世纪50年代中国选择赶超战略是否正确,国内外学术界一直有着不同意见。但是对历史问题的研究需要采取历史主义的态度。中国之所以在20世纪50年代采取赶超战略,是由当时国内外的历史环境和人们的认识水平所决定的,有着内在的理论和实践基础。其中社会主义制度优越论、后发优势理论和世界历史发展的不平衡原理,是中国实施赶超战略的理论基础;中国国情是实施赶超战略的内在根据,国际局势是实施赶超战略的外在因素。可以说,中国实施赶超战略是根据当时国情所能采取的最好发展战略之一。

For a long period of time the scholars in and outside of China have expressed their diversified views on whether the country＇s overtaking strategy in 1950 is right or wrong. Anyway, historical issue shall be dealt with historical attitude. The overtaking strategy adopted at that time was the compound influence of domestic and foreign context and the people＇s level of understanding. The theoretical foundations for the strategy include the institutional superiority of socialism, late-developing advantage and the imbalanced development of world history. The internal factor for the overtaking strategy is China＇s national conditions while the external factor is the international situation. Therefore, it is might as well conclude that China＇s overtaking strategy is the best development strategy in terms of the national conditions at that time.