欧盟《知识产权执法指令》述评

A Brief Analysis of Directive 2004/48/EC on the Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights

欧盟《知识产权执法指令》是欧盟区域知识产权保护取得实质性飞跃的重要一步。欧盟制订《知识产权执法指令》既是打击假冒和盗版的需要,又是有效执行欧盟知识产权统一立法的需要。该指令的内容主要包括知识产权范围、诉讼主体、证据规则、信息权、临时措施、预防措施、损害赔偿等民事和行政程序及救济。与《TRIPS协定》执法条款相比较,欧盟《知识产权执法指令》既有相同之处,又有很多不同之处,特别是它的超TRIPS特征,反映了欧盟不断加大知识产权保护的发展趋势。这种发展趋势不仅对欧盟内部知识产权制度产生了重要影响,而且激起了发达国家成员与发展中国家成员有关知识产权执法的全球大辩论。

Directive 2004/48/EC on the Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights(EU Enforcement Directive),containing mainly the scope of intellectual property rights,subjects of actions,rules of evidence,rights to information and civil and administrative procedures and reliefs like interim and precautionary measures and the compensation for damages,is a noteworthy step for the intellectual property protection in the EU single market.It is aimed at combating the counterfeit and pirate products,as well as at harmonizing the intellectual property legislation in the EU.It has both similarities and dissimilarities compared with the enforcement clauses in the TRIPS agreement,especially in that the TRIPS plus clauses reflect the tendency of the EU's strengthening of intellectual property protection,which not only bears great significance for the IP system within the EU,but also stimulates global debates on the enforcement of intellectual property rights between the developed and developing countries.