当代大学生性别角色发展现状调查分析

A Survey Analysis on the Status Quo of Gender Role Development of Contemporary College Students

对大学生的性别角色发展现状调查发现:大学生的性别角色双性化、未分化和单性化各约占三分之一,传统占优势的单性化已让位于非单性化,理想的双性化与最差的未分化同步增长,其比例远高于男性化和女性化,男性化比例男大学生高于女大学生,女性化比例女大学生高于男大学生,传统性别角色的影响在减弱但依然存在;学生干部和非学生干部性别角色都有所发展,但发展的趋势不同;男大学生性别角色发展略优于女大学生,不同专业对男大学生性别角色有一定影响,理科专业有助于男大学生双性化特质的形成,文科专业有利于男大学生男性化特质的形成,理科女大学生和文科女大学生性别角色发展没有差异;父母教养方式对个体性别角色的发展有显著影响,民主型的教养方式最优,有利于双性化的发展,溺爱型的教养方式最差,助长未分化的形成,非独生子女大学生性别角色发展优于独生子女大学生。

According to the survey analysis on the status quo of gender role development of college students, the androgyny, undifferentiation and single gender of the college students＇ gender role account for about one-third; the traditional dominant single gender has given way to non-single gender, the ideal androgyny has been increasing in the same pace with the worst undifferentiation, whose proportion is far higher than that of masculinity and feminization. The masculinity proportion of the male college students is higher than that of the female college students, and the feminization proportion of the female college students is higher than that of the male college students, where the influence of traditional gender role is weakening but still existing; the gender role of both the student cardres and non-student cardres has some development to some extent, but the development tendency is different; the gender role development of male college students is slightly better than that of the female college students; different specialties have some influence on the gender role of male college students; science majors are helpful with the formation of the androgyny of the male college students; liberal arts majors are more helpful with the formation of the masculinity of the male college students, there is no difference between the liberal arts majors and science majors for the gender roles development of female college students; the parenting styles of the parents have clear influence on the individual gender role development, among which the democratic parenting style is the best, being beneficial to the development of androgyny; the doting parenting style is the worst, which encourages the formation of the undifferrentiation; and the gender role development of the college students who are not the only child in their families is better than that of the college students who are the only child in their families.