礼乐视野下的清宫剧本三题

Drama Performance Tuned to Court Music and Rituals in the Qing Dynasty

从礼乐文化视角看,清宫剧本与清代礼乐之间有着密切的关系。首先,以内廷常演剧目与相关节令之间的对应关系推之,清宫剧本的制作目的十分明确,即乐为礼设;其次,就剧本编创的时间与方法来说,清宫剧本不仅在时间上与清代雅乐取相同步调,而且采用了与清代雅乐相同的方法,即引俗入雅;再者,以主要剧目的题材内容、情感倾向与追求效果而论,清宫剧本也具有历代礼乐所强调的乐和人情的特点。

Dramatic performance was closely related to the court rituals in the Qing Dynasty. On the one hand, the plays performed in the inner court were corresponding to important festival events of the year. Music was clearly set for the ritual. On the other hand, the plays （popular music） were synchronized with the court music in time, content, emotional tendency and artistic effects.