情报概念及相关问题之辨析

Differentiation and Analysis of Intelligence Concept and Relevant Issues

情报是“信息酵”,是使一定对象知识结构发生变化的“活化剂”,情报必须具备“酵化”功能,必须具有＂专一性＂特征,情报只有依托、服务于一定对象才能发挥功能。把情报作用于一定对象在一定时间内所固有的信息量与信息结构组合状况称作“信息基”,情报利用过程实际就是“信息酵”影响“信息基”的过程。情报是“外来物”,事实、数据、信息和知识只是站在不同角度对同一客观实在,即同一对象的不同表述。知识科学是支撑世界的六大科学体系之一,情报学是知识科学体系的下位学科,它在知识科学体系中占有特别重要的地位。

Intelligence can be seen as information ferment, which functions as ferment or activator to alter the knowledge structure of certain object. The fermenting ability and effecting specificity must be included in the characteristic of intelligence. The effect just could be presented only when intelligence was acted on certain object. The existing information capacity and structure of the certain object, made effects by intelligence, can be defined as information base. Information ferment how to effect information base constitutes the utilizing procedure of intelligence. While intelligence is externally inputted, facts, data, information and knowledge are different reflections of the same objective reality or objects from different perspectives. Knowledge science is one of the six major science systems that brace the world, informatics is a disciplinary subordinate to knowledge science system, occupying a significant position.