甘蓝型油菜不同氮素子粒生产效率品种的氮素分配特性研究

Characteristics of nitrogen distribution in rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) with different nitrogen utilization efficiency for grain production

以甘蓝型常规油菜品种（20062-007年度73个、20072-008年度98个）为材料,通过测定成熟期不同器官干重、氮素含量,采用组内最小平方和动态聚类方法对供试品种的氮素子粒生产效率（NUEg）进行聚类并研究了不同NUEg类型的氮素积累与分配特性。结果表明,不同类型间NUEg达显著差异。随着NUEg增加,子粒产量、子粒氮素积累量以及子粒中的氮素占全株氮素比例都逐渐增加;而茎枝和果壳中的氮素积累量以及占全株氮素的比例都逐渐减小。生产上提高油菜NUEg,可以通过高NUEg品种的选择以及合理栽培措施调节,使营养器官氮素更多向子粒中输送。

In this study, 73 and 98 conventional rapeseed （ Brassica napus L. ） cultivars were cultured in 2006-2007 and 2007-2008, respectively, to study the characteristics of nitrogen （N） accumulation and distribution by testing dry matter weight and the nitrogen content of different organs. The selected rapeseed cultivars were classified into 6 types based on their nitrogen use efficiency for grain production （NUEg） levels using MinSSw method. Results showed that differences of NUEg in different types were significant. With increasing of NUEg, the seed yield, N accumulation in seed and the ratio of N accumulation in seed to total nitrogen increased; while N accumulation in stem and branches and the ratio of nitrogen accumulation in stem and branches to total nitrogen reduced. N accumulation of shell and the ratio of shell to total nitrogen also were reduced. Improving NUEg could be achieved by selecting high NUEg cultivar and/or reasonable cultivation measures translocating more N to plant nutritive organs.