根际通气对日光温室黄瓜栽培基质酶活性和养分含量的影响

Effects of rhizosphere aeration on enzyme activities and nutrient content of matrix for cucumber in protected cultivation

试验设通气栽培(Z1)、密闭栽培(D1)和常规栽培(CK),研究在黄瓜全生育期内,根际CO2和O2浓度对基质酶活性、基质养分和植株生长的影响。结果表明,Z1处理显著改善基质通气状况。与CK比较,基质CO2含量降低了48.21%,基质O2含量提高了5.87%;Z1处理比D1和CK处理均提高了基质酶的活性,其中脲酶分别提高11.19%和7.67%,脱氢酶提高38.41%和22.52%,磷酸酶提高38.01%和18.3%,蔗糖酶提高34.81%和20.87%;并且基质碱解氮、速效磷含量和黄瓜全株干物质积累都有不同程度的增加。表明通气栽培有助于提高基质酶活性、基质养分含量和促进植株的生长。

In order to explore the effects of rhizosphere aeration on matrix characteristics, the effects of concentrations of CO2 and O2 on enzyme activities, matrix nutrients and plant growth were investigated by comparing aeration cultivation （Z1） with airproof cultivation （D1） and normal cultivation （CK） in some aspects, during the whole growth and development stages of cucumber. The results show that the matrix ventilation is significantly improved in the Z1 treatment, and CO2 content is decreased by 48.21 %, while O2 content is increased by 5.87%. Activities of various enzymes in the Z1 treatment are higher than those of the D1 and CK treatments, respectively, including phosphatase （by 38.01 % and 18.3%）, invertase （by 34.81% and 20.87%）, dehydrogenase （38.41% and 22.52%）, and urease （by 11.19% and 7.67 % ）. Moreover, obvious increases are found in other indexes, such as the available N and P contents, and the dry matter accumulation of plants. As a conclusion, aeration cultivation could boost the enzyme activities, increase nutrient content in the matrix, and promote the growth of cucumber plants.