长春市美沙酮维持治疗情况分析

Analysis of methadone maintenance treatment in changchun city

目的:了解长春市美沙酮维持治疗门诊患者的治疗情况、入组来源及脱失原因,期望研究结果能为美沙酮维持治疗工作提供可借鉴的依据。方法:对本门诊2006年9月-2009年4月累计收治的患者共计215名进行调查。结果:共调查215例,其中男191例,女24例,男女比例为7.96:1。年龄范围22-56(37.64±S8.12)a,其中30-49a年龄段最多,占54.3%;初中(60.5%)与高中(27.4%)文化者占多数;待业或无业者达83.7%;未婚/离异55.8%和已婚者42.3%所占比例接近;美沙酮维持治疗者的平均治疗剂量为46.32±s20.13mg。患者的入组治疗来源主要为公安部门介绍和毒友介绍,分别占14.14%和78.60%。病患脱失的主要因素有偷吸毒品被抓占(28.1%),刑事案件(15.5%),躯体疾病(17.36%),自称戒断(17.36%)和其它(18.56%)。结论:美沙酮维持治疗剂量应个体化。病人的入组来源及保持情况同公安部门关系较大,提高门诊的入组率,减少脱失率,发挥门诊作用,应加强政策法规宣传和公安部门支持。

Objective：To investigate patients＇ treatment, resource and the reason of dropout in changchun methadone maintenance therapy （MMT） clinic in order to provide good foundation for methadone maintenance treatment. Methods ： 215 patients collected from September 2006 to March 2009 were investigated. Results： 215 cases, 191 male, 24 female ,M-F is7.96：1; range of age is from 22 to 56 （37.64±s8.12）a, the number of people from 30 to 49a is most,which occupy 54.3%;most patients had an education of junior middle school（60.5%） or high/specialized school（27.4%）; more than half （83.7%） of them had no job; the proportion of unmarried/divorced （55.8%） and married （42.3%） was equal ; average therapeutic dose of MMT patients is 46.32± s20.13mg.Most patients were recommended to join the MMT by public security department and the friends of drug abuse, which accounted for 14.14% and 78.60%.The main factor of patients＇dropout are being arrest for using heroin again （28.1%） ,criminal case （15.5%）,somato-disease （17.36%）,self withdrawal （17.36%）and others （18.56%）. Conclusion：The therapeutic dose of MMT should be individualized. The resource and retention of patients are conected with public security department.We should raise the ratio of joining MMT and reduce the ratio of dropout, strengthen the propaganda of policy, laws and regulations,and get support from public security department.