栖息地特征、市场分布结构及其与企业经营绩效关系实证研究

Empirical Research on Habitat Characteristics and Market Distribution Structure and Their Relationship with Enterprises’ Performance

本文采用生物隐喻方法提出了企业栖息地概念,对品牌制造企业栖息地特征及企业市场分布结构进行了分析,探讨了品牌制造企业栖息地特征及企业市场分布结构对企业经营绩效的影响关系,提出了相应的概念模型与研究假设。通过对320家中国品牌制造上市公司的实际调查,利用统计检验模型对研究假设进行了实证分析。结果表明,制造业品牌绩效决定于栖息地特征、市场分布结构特征和企业能力,并受到栖息城市规模和区位的调节影响。在栖息地环境各种要素中,社会经济环境和政府支持的影响较自然资源更为强烈。栖息于中小城市尤其是县级市或乡镇会影响资源获取能力和知名度,但是这种劣势会被独特的政治资源优势消除。栖息地特征中的资源条件和政府支持力度对企业经营绩效的影响受到城市规模的调节。栖息地在中小城市的制造企业品牌绩效好于大城市。另外,市场分布结构特征也显著影响企业经营绩效,市场分布中心距离越大、分散程度越高、区域市场竞争越弱,企业经营绩效越好。

By use of biological metaphor methods, the concept of enterprise habitat is put forward, and habitat characteristics and the market distribution structure of the enterprise were analyzed. And then the paper explored the impact relationship between the habitat characteristics, market distribution structure and the performance of the enterprises, formed the corresponding conceptual model and research hypothesis. By the investigation of 320 listed companies in China, the paper makes the empirical analysis to the hypothesis by using the statistical hypothesis testing model of research. The results show that the performance of the manufaeturing brands depends on the habitat characteristics, market distribution structure features and enterprise capabilities, and was impacted by the size and location of the habitat cities. In various of the environment elements in the habitat, socio-economic environment and the impact of government support are more strongly than natural resources. This means that although the ability to obtain the resources and visibility of the enterprises living in small cities or towns were affected by the environment elements, but this disadvantage would be eliminated by the unique advantage of the political resources. The impact of the habitat characteristics especially the resources conditions and government support to business enterprises performance was regulated by the size of the cities. Distribution structure characteristics of the market has a significant impact on business performance, the higher the dispersion of the distribution market and the weaker regional market competition were, the better business performance was.