基于遥感的景观格局时空动态研究

Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Landscape Based on Remote Sensing

基于试验区域1990年TM影像和2002年ETM+影像,采用遥感和地理信息系统相结合的技术方法,应用景观分析软件Fragstats3.3,对试验区域12 a来景观变化进行了动态研究。结果表明:12 a间,试验区域景观发生巨大变化。(1)1990～2002年间,森林面积大幅度减少,其他植被、裸地、建设用地、水域面积得到了增加,其中建设用地相对自身增幅最大,年平均增长率为20.9%。(2)两时期的景观基质均为森林,其他植被、裸地、建设用地、水域作为斑块单元镶嵌其中,5种景观类型相互之间转化频繁,森林主要转化为其他植被和裸地;同时其他植被、裸地也有大部分转化为森林,其原因是人工林的建立,转化后的景观森林的主导优势已不明显。(3)总体景观的破碎度呈增加趋势,但不同景观类型的破碎化指数的变化则表现不同,森林和水域表现出下降趋势,而其他植被、裸地、建设用地的景观破碎化指数则呈上升趋势,景观向无序状态发展。

Based on the remote sensing images of TM in 1990 and ETM＋ in 2002, transition of landscape components and the changes of landscape patterns have been studied in research area from 1985 to 2002 using GIS RS and Fragstats 3.3. The results showed that during the 13 years, great change has happened. （1） Forestland had greatly decreased, and on the contrary, other vegetation, bare land, building land, wa- ter area had increased. Amongst, building land had the biggest increasing rate of 20.9% per year. （2） Forestland had been dominating landscape pattern inlaid by bare land, other vegetation, water area, build- ing land. The transition among the five landscape types was very frequent and forestland was mainly trans- formed into other vegetation and bare land. At the same time, due to the establishment of plantation, oth- er vegetation and bare land had also been transformed into forests. （3） Overall landscape fragmentation in- dex increased but for different landscape types it was quite different： forestland and water body decreased, other vegetation, bare land and building land increased, indicating the trend toward instability.