基于生态工程区的土地利用变化和景观格局分析--以内蒙古达拉特旗为例

Land-use Changes and Landscape Analysis in the of Ecological Project Region——A Case Study in Dalate Country

研究根据1996年和2005年的2期土地利用图形数据,运用地理信息系统(GIS)技术。数理统计方法和景观生态学方法,进行研究区工程实施前后土地利用的面积和景观变化分析。结果表明:1996-2005年达拉特旗的耕地和草地面积呈增长趋势,其它类型的面积均出现不同程度的减少趋势,以沙地减少幅度最大,减少了83 191.23 hm2。从景观格局的变化看,耕地和林地斑块分布趋于离散,沙地斑块形状趋于简单,人为干扰较大;研究区整体景观聚集度和景观优势度增加。

The impacts of ecological project on the land use and landscape pattern in Dalate county were in vestigated according to land use maps of 1999 and 2005, land use and landscape changes after ecological project in Dalate county, using geographical information system （GIS）, statistics and landscape ecology methods. The results indicated that the area of the main landscape types had different area changes. The area of cropland and grassland increased significantly, while other types decreased at different levels amang which, the sandy area decreased by 83 191.23 hm2. As for the change of landscape, forestland and crop- land were more dispersed, and the patch shape of sand had become more regular. In the whole landscape, aggregation index and dominant index increased.