洞庭湖周边居民对洞庭湖及其湿地依赖程度与态度研究

Investigation on Peripheral Community Resident's Dependence and Attitude to Dongting Lake

采用问卷调查方式,以户为单位调查洞庭湖周边社区居民对洞庭湖及其湿地的依赖情况与态度。结果显示:社区居民对洞庭湖及其湿地依赖方式主要有水产品捕捞,放牧打草,在滩涂种植杨树,芦苇等纸质原料产品,围湖造田种植水稻、蔬菜,水运,开展乡村旅游等,以依赖系数作为衡量社区居民对洞庭湖及其湿地依赖程度的指标,分析发现将近90%以上的居民对洞庭湖及其湿地或多或少存在依赖关系,其中33%的居民依赖系数超过0.8;同时调查发现38%的居民支持把洞庭湖及其湿地完全保护起来,62%的居民持反对态度,并用计量经济模型分析表明,居民对完全保护洞庭湖及其湿地持支持的态度与依赖洞庭湖资源的经济收入和所占有的耕地及滩涂面积呈负相关。

A large-scale survey on dependence and attitude of peripheral community residents to Dongting Lake was carried out. The results indicated that the ways of peripheral community residents depending on Dongting Lake is fishing of aquatic products, grazing and harvesting grass, planting poplar and reed, planting vegetable and rice, engaged in inland water transport, carrying out rural tourism. Dependence co- efficient was introduced to judge economic dependence degree between peripheral community residents and Dongting Lake,80% of community residents depend on Dongting Lake more or less,the dependence coeffi- cient of 33% of community resident was high, closing to 80%. 62% of community residents was against the full protection of the Dongting Lake policy and 38; of community supported the policy. Econometrics model analysis indicated that the attitude of community residents to the policy was negative correlated to their income depending on Dongting Lake and area of arable land and beach.