290名青少年童年期受虐待状况及其影响因素分析

Situation and influencing factors of maltreatment in childhood of 290 youngsters

【目的】探讨童年期受虐待的状况及其影响因素,为减少儿童虐待提供依据。【方法】采用童年期创伤问卷（CTQ-SF）、父母养育方式问卷（EMBU）对济南市16-19岁青少年学生290名进行调查。【结果】男生躯体虐待、情感忽视、躯体忽视得分高于女生（t=2.316、2.696、2.475,P均〈0.05）;家庭经济状况差者情感虐待及性虐待较重（F=3.123、65.428,P均〈0.05）;父亲内向的被调查者情感虐待、躯体虐待、性虐待较重（F=7.868、6.850、3.619,P均〈0.005）。父母惩罚严厉、拒绝否认、过分干涉保护与情感虐待、躯体虐待、性虐待正相关（r=0.146-0.445,P〈0.05）,父母情感温暖理解、偏爱被试与情感忽视、躯体忽视负相关（r=-0.275-0.363,P〈0.01）。养育方式、父母性格、性别、经济状况等因素分别进入各种虐待的回归方程。【结论】多种因素导致童年受虐,养育方式为童年受虐的重要影响因素。

【Objective】To explore the situation and influencing factors of maltreatment in childhood. 【Methods】A total of 290 adolescent students aged from 16 to 19 were assessed with CTQ-SF and EMBU in Jinan. 【Results】The scores of physical abuse,emotional neglect and physical neglect of schoolboy were higher than schoolgirl（t=2.316,2.696,2.475,all P0.05）.Emotional abuse and sexual abuse were severer in poor household income（F=3.123,65.428,all P0.05）.Emotional abuse,physical abuse and sexual abuse were severer to informant who had an introversive father（F=7.868,6.850,3.619,all P0.005）.Parental punishment and strict,refuse and deny,excessively interfere and over-protection were positively correlated with emotional abuse,physical abuse and sexual abuse（r=0.146-0.445,P0.05）,and parental emotional warmth and understanding,preference were negatively correlated with physical neglect,emotional neglect（r=-0.275--0.363,P0.01）.The factors that entered into all kinds of abuse regression equations were parental rearing patterns,parental characteristic,gender and financial statuses. 【Conclusion】Many factors cause maltreatment in childhood.Rearing patterns are important factors influencing maltreatment in childhood.