SO_2和NO_x基准线排放因子的计算研究

Calculation of SO_2 and NO_x emission factors of China's national power grids

根据清洁发展机制(CDM)执行理事会(EB)公布的电力系统排放因子计算工具,结合文献调研数据,计算了全国7个电网的SO2和NOx基准线排放因子,比较了不同电网CDM项目的污染物减排效益以及不同类型CDM项目的减排效益.结果表明,华中电网的CDM项目单位供电量的SO2减排效益最高,东北电网的最低;而对于项目单位供电量的NOx减排效益,最高的是东北电网,最低的是南方电网和海南电网.目前,CDM项目在各电网的分布与其单位供电量的污染物减排效益存在着不平衡的状况.如南方电网开发CDM项目较多,其项目单位供电量的污染物减排效益并不高.对于不同类型的CDM项目,风电及太阳能发电项目的污染物减排效益相对较高.

Following the methodology described in the tool to calculate the emission factor for an electricity system,which was approved by the Executive Board（EB） of Clean Development Mechanism（CDM）,the emission factors of SO2 and NOx of seven national power grids in China were calculated.The co-benefits in SO2 and NOx emission reductions of CDM projects were then explored by different power grids and different project types.The CDM project in Central China Power Grid had the largest effect on avoiding SO2 emission per unit electricity generation,while in Northeastern Power Grid the effect was smallest.Regarding NOx emission avoided per unit electricity generation by CDM project,the Northeastern Power Grid had the largest impact while the Southern Power Grid had the smallest.The co-benefit of CDM in China could be improved by encouraging the development in grids with higher SO2 and NOx emission factors,given that the existing CDM projects dominanted in Southern Power Grid that had relatively small potential of SO2 and NOx emission reductions per unit power generation.Among the varius type of CDM project,the wind power and solar power generation projects have relatively more cobenefits in pollution reduction.